Spiral classifier - Spiral Screw Classifier for Sand Washing. new. Manufacturer: Gandong; Descriptions The classifier which form closed-circuit work with grinding mill in the factory need the machine which can lift grit, so this kind of classifier called mechanical classifier, actually the classifying...

 
on a slope, with interrupted rake or spiral blades to move the settled solids to a central discharge cone. Tank diameters vary from 4 to 250 ft. Tank depths at center are 2 to 3 ft for small units and up to 25 ft for larger units. Hydraulic classifiers of the sizer and super-sorter types, Figs. 7 and 8, are narrow, deep, rectangular . Film porno

13.5.3.4 Spiral Concentrator. The spiral concentrator is a modern high-capacity and low-cost device. It is developed for concentration of low-grade ores and industrial minerals in slurry form. It works on a combination of solid particle density and its hydrodynamic dragging properties. If you don't have the muscle power or time, let a spiral panning machine help you separate the gold from your concentrates and black sand much more quickly and easily. FREE SHIPPING on orders of $350 or more! To learn more about the manufacturer and use of the Desert Fox, Mountain Goat, and Pro Camel, scroll to the bottom of this page.EIMCO-K.C.P. Spiral Classifiers are mechanically the devices are powerfully built, and functionally they are versatile and flexible. Today’s worldwide acceptance of EIMCO-K.C.P. Classifiers for washing and dewatering pulps, and in closed-circuit grinding is the result of many years of experience in solving wet classification problems.XBM Mining is a leading global supplier of equipment and tools, service and technical solutions for the mining industry,especially specialized in ore benefic...Aug 24, 2023 · Compared with these two classifiers, the hydrocyclone has a better classification effect when processing finer-grained materials (the separation particle size range is generally 0.3-0.01mm). 2. Floor area. Obviously, the footprint of the hydrocyclone is significantly smaller than that of the spiral classifier. 10.3.2 Bahan. Bahan yang digunakan dalam percobaan Spiral Classifier yaitu : 1. Mineral Kasiterit (SnO2) dengan ukuran – 40 + 70 # yakni sebanya 1 kg. 2. Zeolit yakni hasil kominusi dengan ukuran – 8 + 12 #, sebanyak 3 kg. Sumber : Data Hasil Praktikum PBG, 2017. Foto 10.11 Zeolit.XBM Mining is a leading global supplier of equipment and tools, service and technical solutions for the mining industry,especially specialized in ore benefic...Particles below a certain size and density are carried away with the water-flow, whereas the coarser and heavier particles settle. Basically the different wet classifiers are gravity settling tank, cone classifier, double cone classifier, hydrocyclone classifier, spiral classifier, and rake classifier. Gravity settling tank is the simplest type ...Jul 16, 2023 · Our report on the Spiral Classifier Market provides a comprehensive overview of the current market trends and dynamics. It offers an in-depth analysis of the leading players in the market, along ... The spiral classifier such as the Akins classifier consists of a semi-cylindrical trough (a trough that is semicircular in cross-section) inclined to the horizontal. The trough is provided with a slow-rotating spiral conveyor and a liquid overflow at the lower end.spiral classifier consists of a sloping elongated . round-bottom tank and a sand-raking spiral [46]. The raw materials are fed to the central . section of the pool and flow to the weir while .Spiral Classifiers are available in sizes up to 120″ diameter, three tank styles, single, double and triple pitch spirals, three degrees of spiral submergence —flexibility to provide a unit built for your job. Write for detailed recommendation on the correct size and type of Spiral Classifier to do your job economically and profitably. Description FC and FG Series Spiral Classifier is mainly used in pre-classification and examination classification of grinding circuit in concentration plant and aggregate plant as well as desliming and dehydration in the process of sand washing. It can be classified into single spiral and double spiral according to the spiral quantity; and high weir type and sinking type according to the ...This spiral classifier/dewatering screw is a multi-purpose machine. As a classifier, it separates out the smaller waste particles from the ore processor tailings. The larger particles can then be returned to the grinding circuit for finer grinding to liberate more values. Many locations don’t have a ready source of water, so when used as a ...The spiral classifier such as the Akins classifier consists of a semi-cylindrical trough (a trough that is semicircular in cross-section) inclined to the horizontal. The trough is provided with a slow-rotating spiral conveyor and a liquid overflow at the lower end.The concept of spiral classifiers cathodic protection presented in this paper may become an alternative to the anti-corrosion protection methods of machinery and equipment used now at the KGHM ...The classifier is mainly composed of transmission device, spiral body, trough, lifting mechanism, lower support (bearing) and discharge valve. Spiral Classifier Advantages: 1、Simple structure, easy to maintain. 2、Easy operation and stable performance. 3、Gravity connection with Ball mills; slurry pump conveying is not necessary.Mar 26, 2016 · Gravity Spiral Concentrator Working Principle. The gravity spiral circuit is designed to extract and concentrate “coarse gold’ from the recirculating load in the mill grinding circuit and hence prevent a build-up within that circuit and the eventual escape of some of that gold into the C.I.L. tanks and thereon into the final tails. (See fig. 4) As of 2023, our analysis indicates that the global Spiral Classifier market is poised to reach USD 1399.9 million by 2028, exhibiting a steady CAGR of 3.3% from 2023 to 2028. With a focus on ...Now, the common classifiers in mineral processing plant are mainly mechanical classifier and hydrocyclone. Among them,mechanical classifier can be divided into spiral classifier, rake classifier,tank classifier and other types. With the development of classification operation, rake classifier is already replaced by spiral classifier, tank ...Spiral classifier is composed of motor, reducer, cylindrical gear and bevel gear. 2. Spiral (left and right) It is composed of the hollow shaft, bracket, spiral blade, lining iron, etc. The hollow shaft is welded by seamless steel pipe, journal and flange. Wear-resistant life is the key in use, so the lining iron is made of wear-resistant ... Spiral classifier is a mechanical classification machine based on the principle that the specific gravity of solid particles is different in the speed of precipitation in liquid. During the beneficiation process, the ore needs to be ground to a certain fineness so that the fine-grained useful minerals and gangue can be fully dissociated and ...As of 2023, our analysis indicates that the global Spiral Classifier market is poised to reach USD 1399.9 million by 2028, exhibiting a steady CAGR of 3.3% from 2023 to 2028. With a focus on ...Lab Spiral Classifier. This Lab Spiral classifiers suitable for dewatering, medium drainage and desliming and wet and dry classifying for ore, Non-metallic materials, etc. Spiral classifier is a type of classifying equipment which realizes mechanical classification under the principle that materials settle in the liquid at different speeds due ...Moreover, The Global Spiral Classifier Industry research report provides a comprehensive analysis of the sector, focusing on important details like industry size, market share, and major competitors.Description FC and FG Series Spiral Classifier is mainly used in pre-classification and examination classification of grinding circuit in concentration plant and aggregate plant as well as desliming and dehydration in the process of sand washing. It can be classified into single spiral and double spiral according to the spiral quantity; and high weir type and sinking type according to the ...May 17, 2019 · The result of that the 900mm spiral classifier has the best beneficiation effect in the cases of the same grade concentrate ore. The scavenging effect of 900mm pitch spiral separator machine has the output of 3.42t/h, the productivity of 32.18%, the grade of concentrate mineral 17.46%, recovery rate 17.16%, and comprehensive efficiency of 27.74%. Market Overview: The spiral classifier market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.5% during the forecast period from 2022 to 2030. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for efficient and accurate processing of materials. Oct 1, 2015 · The concept of spiral classifiers cathodic protection presented in this paper may become an alternative to the anti-corrosion protection methods of machinery and equipment used now at the KGHM ... Submerged Spiral Classifier Market Enigma on a Global Stage | Phenomenal Growth Outlook to 2030 Sep 8, 2023 ...The spiral classifier is widely applied for the following fields: combine with ball grinder into closed circulation for ore-sand separation in the ore separation plant; classify ore sand and fine sludge in gravity ore separation plant; classify the grain of ore pulp at the metal ore separation process; and remove sludge/water at the ore separation process. In the changed post COVID-19 business landscape, the global market for Spiral Classifier estimated at US$1. 1 Billion in the year 2020, is projected to reach a revised size of US$1. 3 Billion by ...Spiral classifier is one of beneficiation equipment, based on user requirements, it can be divided into single and double spiral classifier. Depend on specific gravity of solid particles, so different sedimentation velocity in a liquid principle, spiral classifier is a mechanical grading equipment. The spiral classifier is widely applied for the following fields: combine with ball grinder into closed circulation for ore-sand separation in the ore separation plant; classify ore sand and fine sludge in gravity ore separation plant; classify the grain of ore pulp at the metal ore separation process; and remove sludge/water at the ore separation process. Aug 7, 2023 · The Global Spiral Classifier Market can be segmented based on various factors to gain a comprehensive understanding of its dynamics and opportunities. The segmentation allows for a more targeted ... The classifier is mainly composed of transmission device, spiral body, trough, lifting mechanism, lower support (bearing) and discharge valve. Spiral Classifier Advantages: 1、Simple structure, easy to maintain. 2、Easy operation and stable performance. 3、Gravity connection with Ball mills; slurry pump conveying is not necessary.Moreover, The Global Spiral Classifier Industry research report provides a comprehensive analysis of the sector, focusing on important details like industry size, market share, and major competitors.Aug 6, 2015 · The spiral classifier such as the Akins classifier consists of a semi-cylindrical trough (a trough that is semicircular in cross-section) inclined to the horizontal. The trough is provided with a slow-rotating spiral conveyor and a liquid overflow at the lower end. Spiral Classifiers are available in sizes up to 120″ diameter, three tank styles, single, double and triple pitch spirals, three degrees of spiral submergence —flexibility to provide a unit built for your job. Write for detailed recommendation on the correct size and type of Spiral Classifier to do your job economically and profitably. A Spiral Classifier is a machine that is primarily used to classify the slimes (fines) from a coarser, sandy sized material. It has an inclined trough with one or two spirals revolving slowly and free from touching the sides or bottom of the tank. The motion of the spiral creates Pool Hindered Settling in the bottom pool area, where the ... Aug 6, 2015 · The spiral classifier such as the Akins classifier consists of a semi-cylindrical trough (a trough that is semicircular in cross-section) inclined to the horizontal. The trough is provided with a slow-rotating spiral conveyor and a liquid overflow at the lower end. China Spiral Classifier manufacturers - Select 2023 high quality Spiral Classifier products in best price from certified Chinese Mining Equipment, Mining Machine suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China.comSep 29, 2017 · It is evident that no linear classifier will be able to do a good job classifying spiral data where the boundary between two classes is a curve. A simple two layer network with RELU activation on the hidden layer automatically learns the decision boundaries and achieves a 99% classification accuracy on such a data set. 13.5.3.4 Spiral Concentrator. The spiral concentrator is a modern high-capacity and low-cost device. It is developed for concentration of low-grade ores and industrial minerals in slurry form. It works on a combination of solid particle density and its hydrodynamic dragging properties. EIMCO-K.C.P. Spiral Classifiers are mechanically the devices are powerfully built, and functionally they are versatile and flexible. Today’s worldwide acceptance of EIMCO-K.C.P. Classifiers for washing and dewatering pulps, and in closed-circuit grinding is the result of many years of experience in solving wet classification problems.The spiral speed and feed tonnage correlated negatively to the Mn grade with washing time correlating positively. Operating the spiral classifier at a feed rate, spiral speed and washing time of 6 t, 25 rev/min, and 30 min, respectively, yielded Mn grade of 53%. The rotation speed of the commonly used spiral classifier is. To obtain coarse overflow, the speed of the spiral with a diameter of 2 m should not exceed 6 r/min, and with a diameter of 1 m or more should be controlled at 2-8 r/min. For example, for a spiral with a diameter of 0.3 m, in order to obtain a coarse overflow, the spiral speed can be ... 4. Hydraulic spiral lifting device Spiral dewaterer model - SD The Metso Outotec spiral dewaterer model SD is a robust evolution of the spiral classifier for reliable operations in mill scale handling. The spiral dewaterer with special designed spiral and enlarged pool area is able to handle large flows of effluents, offering aThe Submerged Spiral Classifier Market is undergoing a remarkable transformation, fueled by cutting-edge technologies and a deep commitment to meeting user needs. Companies within the industry are ...Spiral Classifier. In mineral processing, the Akins AKA spiral or screw Classifier has been successfully used for so many years that most mill operators are familiar with its principle and operation. This classifier embodies the simplest design, smallest number of wearing parts, and an absence of surge in the overflow.The spiral classifier is based on the principle that the solid particles are different in size and specific gravity, so the settling speed in the liquid is different. Fine ore particles float in the water and overflow, and coarse ore particles sink to the bottom of the tank.Classifier. The Spiral Classifier used for the study was manufactured by Nick and Paul. 2.2 Designing of Test Works Prior to test work design, visit to the oxide plant at Ghana Manganese Company (GMC) were made with the aim of getting acclimatize with the current operations at the plant. The Spiral classifier was operated in batch mode. The spiral classifier is widely applied for the following fields: combine with ball grinder into closed circulation for ore-sand separation in the ore separation plant; classify ore sand and fine sludge in gravity ore separation plant; classify the grain of ore pulp at the metal ore separation process; and remove sludge/water at the ore separation process. The Global Spiral Classifier Market can be segmented based on various factors to gain a comprehensive understanding of its dynamics and opportunities. The segmentation allows for a more targeted ...USA, New Jersey- The Global Spiral Classifier Market is set to embark on an extraordinary journey of growth and transformation from 2023 to 2030.This pivotal period will witness a convergence of ...13.5.3.4 Spiral Concentrator. The spiral concentrator is a modern high-capacity and low-cost device. It is developed for concentration of low-grade ores and industrial minerals in slurry form. It works on a combination of solid particle density and its hydrodynamic dragging properties.Rake, spiral, and bowl classifiers use mechanical action to dewater, deslime or separate coarse bulk materials from finer materials or liquids. Drag classifiers consist of a chain-link conveyor or endless belt that is dragged through a solid-liquid mixture. Rake classifiers lift solid-liquid mixtures up onto a plate with a screen or rake. Submerged Spiral Classifier Market Enigma on a Global Stage | Phenomenal Growth Outlook to 2030 Sep 8, 2023 ... This spiral classifier/dewatering screw is a multi-purpose machine. As a classifier, it separates out the smaller waste particles from the ore processor tailings. The larger particles can then be returned to the grinding circuit for finer grinding to liberate more values. Many locations don’t have a ready source of water, so when used as a ...Spiral Classifier Wet classification is the art of solid-liquid separators i.e spiral separator, separating the solid particles in a mixture of solids and liquids into fractions according to particle size or density by methods other than screening. Mar 25, 2019 · The submerged spiral classifier is suitable for fine particle classification, and the classificaiton overflow particle size is generally less than 0.15 mm. Compared with these two kinds of spiral ... This spiral classifier/dewatering screw is a multi-purpose machine. As a classifier, it separates out the smaller waste particles from the ore processor tailings. The larger particles can then be returned to the grinding circuit for finer grinding to liberate more values. Many locations don’t have a ready source of water, so when used as a ... Classifier. The Spiral Classifier used for the study was manufactured by Nick and Paul. 2.2 Designing of Test Works Prior to test work design, visit to the oxide plant at Ghana Manganese Company (GMC) were made with the aim of getting acclimatize with the current operations at the plant. The Spiral classifier was operated in batch mode.Chapter 1: Submerged Spiral Classifier Market Product Definition, Product Types, Volume, and Revenue Analysis of Each Type in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, and ...CLASSIFIER Pemisahan dengan alat classifier disebut proses klaisiskasi Pengertian klaisfikasi : Pemisahan bahan padat menjadi 2 fraksi atau lebih berdasarkan kecepatan gerak padatan dalam fluida. fKlasifikasi dibagi 2 : 1. Sizing pemisahan dengan klasifikasi untuk zat atau bahan yang sama densitasnya tetapi ukurannya berbeda.China Spiral Classifier manufacturers - Select 2023 high quality Spiral Classifier products in best price from certified Chinese Mining Equipment, Mining Machine suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China.com The Submerged Spiral Classifier Market is undergoing a remarkable transformation, fueled by cutting-edge technologies and a deep commitment to meeting user needs. Companies within the industry are ...10.3.2 Bahan. Bahan yang digunakan dalam percobaan Spiral Classifier yaitu : 1. Mineral Kasiterit (SnO2) dengan ukuran – 40 + 70 # yakni sebanya 1 kg. 2. Zeolit yakni hasil kominusi dengan ukuran – 8 + 12 #, sebanyak 3 kg. Sumber : Data Hasil Praktikum PBG, 2017. Foto 10.11 Zeolit.The spiral classifier is based on the principle that the solid particles are different in size and specific gravity, so the settling speed in the liquid is different. Fine ore particles float in the water and overflow, and coarse ore particles sink to the bottom of the tank.XBM Mining is a leading global supplier of equipment and tools, service and technical solutions for the mining industry,especially specialized in ore benefic...Sep 3, 2021 · The spiral classifier agitates the pulp by spiral low-speed rotation, by which the fine particles float to the overflow, and the coarse particles sink to the bottom of the tank and are discharged ... A Spiral Classifier is a machine that is primarily used to classify the slimes (fines) from a coarser, sandy sized material. It has an inclined trough with one or two spirals revolving slowly and free from touching the sides or bottom of the tank.In the changed post COVID-19 business landscape, the global market for Spiral Classifier estimated at US$1. 1 Billion in the year 2020, is projected to reach a revised size of US$1. 3 Billion by ...Rake, spiral, and bowl classifiers use mechanical action to dewater, deslime or separate coarse bulk materials from finer materials or liquids. Drag classifiers consist of a chain-link conveyor or endless belt that is dragged through a solid-liquid mixture. Rake classifiers lift solid-liquid mixtures up onto a plate with a screen or rake.EIMCO-K.C.P. Offers Bridge mounted (B) type, Column Mounted (C) Type and Traction driven (T) type Classifiers mechanism for various applications. These operate on the common principle of moving settled solids to the center of principle of moving settled solids to the centre of the tank for removal, and differ principally in the method used to ...Sep 7, 2023 · Chapter 1: High Weir Spiral Classifier Market Product Definition, Product Types, Volume, and Revenue Analysis of Each Type in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East, and ... The spiral classifier, also known as the classifier or horizontal spiral classifier, is a type of equipment used in ore processing plants. It is used for mechanical classification based on the principle that solid particles have different specific gravities and therefore precipitate at different rates in a liquid.spiral classifier is a kind of small particles rough granding equipment. According to the difference in sedimentation rate of mineral particles and mud, the ...Spiral classifier is a mechanical classification machine based on the principle that the specific gravity of solid particles is different in the speed of precipitation in liquid. During the beneficiation process, the ore needs to be ground to a certain fineness so that the fine-grained useful minerals and gangue can be fully dissociated and ...SPIRAL CLASSIFIER / SCREW CLASSIFIER. DOVE Spiral Classifier, also referred to as Screw Classifier, or Spiral Mineral Separator, is highly efficient classifier designed for closed circuit wet classification and separation of the Slimes (Fines) from a sandy sized (Coarse) material. It is well suited for classification, where a two product size ...13.5.3.4 Spiral Concentrator. The spiral concentrator is a modern high-capacity and low-cost device. It is developed for concentration of low-grade ores and industrial minerals in slurry form. It works on a combination of solid particle density and its hydrodynamic dragging properties.Market Overview: The spiral classifier market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.5% during the forecast period from 2022 to 2030. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for efficient and accurate processing of materials. Classifier. The Spiral Classifier used for the study was manufactured by Nick and Paul. 2.2 Designing of Test Works Prior to test work design, visit to the oxide plant at Ghana Manganese Company (GMC) were made with the aim of getting acclimatize with the current operations at the plant. The Spiral classifier was operated in batch mode. SPIRAL CLASSIFIER / SCREW CLASSIFIER. DOVE Spiral Classifier, also referred to as Screw Classifier, or Spiral Mineral Separator, is highly efficient classifier designed for closed circuit wet classification and separation of the Slimes (Fines) from a sandy sized (Coarse) material. It is well suited for classification, where a two product size ...Mar 26, 2016 · Gravity Spiral Concentrator Working Principle. The gravity spiral circuit is designed to extract and concentrate “coarse gold’ from the recirculating load in the mill grinding circuit and hence prevent a build-up within that circuit and the eventual escape of some of that gold into the C.I.L. tanks and thereon into the final tails. (See fig. 4) 4. Hydraulic spiral lifting device Spiral dewaterer model - SD The Metso Outotec spiral dewaterer model SD is a robust evolution of the spiral classifier for reliable operations in mill scale handling. The spiral dewaterer with special designed spiral and enlarged pool area is able to handle large flows of effluents, offering a4. Hydraulic spiral lifting device Spiral dewaterer model - SD The Metso Outotec spiral dewaterer model SD is a robust evolution of the spiral classifier for reliable operations in mill scale handling. The spiral dewaterer with special designed spiral and enlarged pool area is able to handle large flows of effluents, offering aDec 6, 2017 · Comparing Spiral Classifier with Hydro-cyclone, the prominent advantage of Spiral Classifier is reliable-working, simple-operation, stable-classifier area, more fine overflow particle, big tank ... Jul 6, 2023 · USA, New Jersey- The Global Spiral Classifier Market is set to embark on an extraordinary journey of growth and transformation from 2023 to 2030. This pivotal period will witness a convergence of ... The submerged spiral classifier is suitable for fine particle classification, and the classificaiton overflow particle size is generally less than 0.15 mm. Compared with these two kinds of spiral ...The preferential classification benefit of cyclones is further illustrated in Table 2 which compares the metallurgical results of cyclones versus spiral classifiers in a copper grinding circuit. The cyclone produced an overflow product containing more copper in the finer size ranges where it will be subject to higher recovery in flotation.

The design of a McLanahan Fine Material Screw Washer provides significant advantages over other sand screws you could consider that include: Larger pool settling areas behind the feed box/baffle plate that provide higher retention of +75 micron (200 mesh) product sized solids. A machine design that has a 2.5" (65mm) gap between the screw shaft .... Sarah rae bbw cop turned into a sex slave

spiral classifier

Gravity Spiral Concentrator Working Principle. The gravity spiral circuit is designed to extract and concentrate “coarse gold’ from the recirculating load in the mill grinding circuit and hence prevent a build-up within that circuit and the eventual escape of some of that gold into the C.I.L. tanks and thereon into the final tails. (See fig. 4)May 15, 2016 · Spiral classifiers. A typical spiral classifier is shown in Fig. 1. The geometry of a spiral is characterized by the length or number of turns, the diameter, the pitch and the shape of the trough ( Burt, 1984). The spiral feed is a mixture of water and ground particles that is gravity fed at the top of the spiral. The classifier is mainly composed of transmission device, spiral body, trough, lifting mechanism, lower support (bearing) and discharge valve. Spiral Classifier Advantages: 1、Simple structure, easy to maintain. 2、Easy operation and stable performance. 3、Gravity connection with Ball mills; slurry pump conveying is not necessary.Spiral classifier . Diameter of screw :500-1500mm Spiral classifier is widely used to form a closed cycle process to split mineral sand with ball mill in ore dressing plants, grade ore and fine mud in the gravity ore dressing plant, or for the pulp size classification in the metal beneficiation process, as well as desliming and dehydration in washing operations.The submerged spiral classifier is suitable for fine particle classification, and the classificaiton overflow particle size is generally less than 0.15 mm. Compared with these two kinds of spiral ...Spiral Classifiers are available in sizes up to 120″ diameter, three tank styles, single, double and triple pitch spirals, three degrees of spiral submergence —flexibility to provide a unit built for your job. Write for detailed recommendation on the correct size and type of Spiral Classifier to do your job economically and profitably. 4. Hydraulic spiral lifting device Spiral dewaterer model - SD The Metso Outotec spiral dewaterer model SD is a robust evolution of the spiral classifier for reliable operations in mill scale handling. The spiral dewaterer with special designed spiral and enlarged pool area is able to handle large flows of effluents, offering aSubmerged Spiral Classifier Market report also includes a pricing analysis for each type, manufacturer, region, and global price from 2018 to 2030. This information will help stakeholders make ...Mokup of classifier, 2 principles, 1600 mm screw diameter. Still in use in several silica sand plant: wash drain and dedusting. spiral classifier 1600 | 3D CAD Model Library | GrabCAD Submerged Spiral Classifier Market Enigma on a Global Stage | Phenomenal Growth Outlook to 2030 Sep 8, 2023 ...The ball mill and spiral classifier work together, to be a close circuit grinding system, to control the materials to be grinded as you want.More details ple... .

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